How are carbon capture and storage (CCS) or carbon capture and utilization (CCU) considered in emissions calculations?

Potential reduction in reported emissions

CCS and CCU can be taken into account to reduce the reported embedded emissions, provided certain criteria are met.

• For CCS, the captured CO2 must be transferred to a long-term geological storage site.
• For CCU, the captured CO2 must be used to produce products in which it is permanently chemically bound.

The conditions for considering CCS and CCU are specified in the CBAM regulations and are designed to ensure that only genuine and permanent emission reductions are counted.